Elemental Composition of the Phosphorites of the Ameki Formation around Bende-Ameke Area, Southeastern Nigeria: Potential for Environmental Pollution

E.N. Onuigbo, A.U. Okoro, C.M. Okolo and S.N. Chibuzor

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Received: January 31, 2020       Accepted: February 24, 2020

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Abstract: Geochemical analysis was carried out on the phosphorites of the Ameki Formation using XRF and INAA methods. This was done for the purpose of evaluation of the elemental composition of the phosphorites, determination of the elemental enrichments and their potential for environmental pollution. The elemental compositions of the phosphorites in the order of decreasing concentration is stated as; Ca > P > Fe > F > Ti > Si > Al > Mg > K > Ba > Na > Cl > Mn and S whereas Cd, Ba, Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, U, V, Se and Hg occur in trace amounts. The concentrations of Ca, P, Fe, Mg, F, Cl, Ti and Ba exceed the world average shale values, thus, suggest enrichment whereas Na, K, Mn, Al, S and Si are depleted. Enrichment with Pb, U and Se were also indicated in some samples. The calculated Pollution Index (PI) indicated tendency of the surrounding environments (water and soil) to be polluted with Mg, P, F, Ca, U, Se, Fe, Ti, Cl, Ba and Pb due to weathering and quarrying of the rock. Geochemical analysis is recommended for the nearby soils and streams/river sediments and physicochemical analysis for surface and groundwater to determine their extent of pollution by these elements especially the toxic ones.

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